Metal material testing project for Steel Pipe Fitting Flange Wilson Pipeline
What are the metal material testing items and metal material testing or testing standards?
Summary of metal material testing items
What are the metal material testing projects? According to my understanding, the testing project can be divided into two major parts, one production is divided into internal quality inspection, mainly to test the mechanical properties of the product, chemical composition, metallurgical, corrosion, no damage, size, welding and other aspects, the main test standards can be based on North America, ISO international, China, Europe, Germany, Japan and other standards, the other part is used for production, ordering, transportation, use, storage and inspection This part must be based on the unified technical standards (GB, YB, JB). The following specific content is introduced.
The main internal testing items of metal materials are as follows.
1, mechanical properties: mainly including (tensile test, high and low temperature tensile test, compression test, shear test, torsion test, bending test, impact test, Rockwell hardness test, Brinell hardness test, Vickers hardness test, crush test.
2, chemical composition analysis: mainly analyze the content of various chemical components in metal materials (carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, copper, vanadium, titanium, tungsten, lead, niobium, mercury, tin, cadmium, antimony, aluminum, magnesium, iron, zinc, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen).
3, metallographic testing: mainly including (non-metallic inclusions, low-frequency organization, grain size, fracture inspection, plating thickness, hardening layer depth, decarburization layer, gray cast iron metallography, ductile iron metallography, metallographic section analysis.
4, plating test: common methods are, plating thickness – coulomb method, plating thickness – metallographic method, plating thickness – eddy current method, plating thickness – ray fluorescence method, plating composition analysis and surface stain analysis.
5, corrosion testing: including neutral salt spray test, acid salt spray test, copper ion accelerated salt spray, sulfur dioxide corrosion test, hydrogen sulfide corrosion test, mixed gas corrosion test, stainless steel 10% oxalic acid leaching test, stainless steel sulfuric acid – iron sulfate corrosion test, stainless steel 65% nitric acid corrosion test, stainless steel nitric acid – hydrofluoric acid corrosion test, stainless steel sulfuric acid – copper sulfate corrosion test, stainless steel 5% Sulfuric acid corrosion test.
6, non-destructive testing: including ultrasonic testing, ray testing, magnetic particle testing, penetration testing.
7, dimensional testing: including dimensional measurement, symmetry, perpendicularity, flatness, circular runout, coaxiality, parallelism, roundness, roughness.
8, welding process evaluation: including tensile testing, bending test (face bending back bending side bending), ultrasonic testing, radiation testing, magnetic particle testing, penetration testing, visual inspection of the surface, macrostructure testing, weld hardness testing, impact testing.
9、Failure analysis includes: procedures and steps of failure analysis, investigation of failure events, identification of the failure event or the first failure part, careful collection of the remains of the failure part and proper storage, collection of background information of the failure part, determination of the failure analysis program and development of implementation details, inspection, testing and analysis.
In addition to the above-mentioned, there are the following testing items, mainly for the production, ordering, transportation, use and storage of metal materials.
(A) packaging inspection according to the type of metal materials, shape, size, precision, corrosion.
1. Bulk: that is, no packaging, wipe ingots, blocks (not afraid of corrosion, not valuable), large steel (large steel, thick steel plates, rails), pig iron, etc.
2. into bundles: refers to the smaller size, corrosion has little impact on the use, such as small and medium-sized steel, pipe steel, wire, sheet, etc.
3. into boxes (barrels): refers to corrosion prevention, small, thin products, such as tin, silicon steel sheet, magnesium ingots, etc.
4 into the shaft: refers to the line, wire rope, steel strand, etc. The bundle box, shaft packaging products should first check whether the packaging is complete.
(B) the sign inspection mark is to distinguish the material, specifications of the sign, mainly stating the name of the supplier, brand, inspection lot number, specifications, size, level, net weight, etc.. Signs are.
5. coloring: in the end of the metal material, the end painted with various colors, mainly for steel, pig iron, non-ferrous raw materials, etc.
6. Printing: In the metal material specified parts (end face, end) hit steel or spray paint method, indicating the material grade, specification, standard number, etc.. Mainly used for thick plates, profiles, non-ferrous materials, etc.
7. Hanging: bundles, boxes, axes and other metal materials in the outside of the hanging sign to explain its brand, size, weight, standard number, supplier, etc.. The sign of metal materials should be carefully identified during the inspection, in transport, storage and other processes to be properly protected.
(C) the specification size of the inspection specification size refers to the main parts of the metal material (length, width, thickness, diameter, etc.) nominal size.
8 nominal size (nominal size): is the ideal size that people want to get in production, but it has a certain gap with the actual size.
9. Size deviation: the difference between the actual size and the nominal size is called size deviation. Larger than the nominal size is called positive deviation, smaller than the nominal size is called negative deviation. Within the standard range is called allowable deviation, more than the range is called size deviation, deviation belongs to substandard products.
10、Accuracy grade: The allowable deviation of the size of metal materials provides several ranges, and according to the size of the allowable deviation is divided into a number of levels called accuracy grade, accuracy grade is divided into ordinary, higher, senior, etc.
11 delivery length (width): is the main size of the delivery of metal materials, refers to the delivery of metal materials should have the length (width) specifications.
12 The usual length (indefinite length): the length does not make certain provisions, but must be within a specified length range (according to different varieties, the length is not the same, according to the Ministry, factory set).
13 short (narrow): the length is less than the lower limit of the usual length size, but not less than the minimum allowable length. For some metal materials, according to the provisions of the delivery part of the “short”.
14. fixed length: the length of the metal material delivered must have the length specified by the demander in the order contract (general positive deviation).
15. Multi-length: The length of the metal material delivered must be an integer multiple of the length specified by the demander in the order contract (plus saw kerf, positive deviation).
16. specification size: inspection should pay attention to the measurement of material parts and the selection of appropriate measuring tools.
(D) the number of inspections
The number of metal materials, generally refers to the weight (except for individual examples of matting, fishtail plate to the number of pieces), the number of inspection methods are
17 measured by actual weight: measured by the actual weight of metal materials should generally be all over the pound inspection. There are firm packaging (such as boxes, combined, barrels, etc.), the gross weight, net weight and tare weight are indicated on the packaging. Such as thin steel plate, silicon steel sheet, ferroalloy can be randomly inspected by not less than 5% of a batch, such as the weight of the sample and mark the weight of a large discrepancy, it is necessary to weigh all open boxes.
18, according to theoretical conversion measurement: the nominal size of the material (actual size) and the weight calculated by the specific gravity of the weight of those fixed-size plates and other materials can be converted according to the theory, but in the conversion should pay attention to the conversion formula and the actual specific gravity of the material.
(E) surface quality inspection surface quality inspection is mainly on the material, appearance, shape, surface defects, mainly.
19. Ellipticity: circular cross-section of metal materials, the phenomenon of unequal diameter in all directions in the same cross-section. Ellipticity with the same cross-section of the maximum and minimum diameter difference, for different uses of material standards are different.
20 bending, curvature: bending is rolling material. In the length or width direction is not flat, a general term for the shape of the curve. If their degree of unevenness is expressed in figures, it is called bending.
21 twist: strip rolling material along the longitudinal axis twisted into a spiral.
22 sickle bend (side bend): refers to the metal plate, strip and close to the rectangular cross-section of the shape of the material along the length (narrow side) of the bend, one side is concave curve, the other side is convex curve, called the “sickle bend. The height of the concave said.
23 scoop curvature: refers to the length of the plate or strip and width direction at the same time appear high and low undulating wave phenomenon, the formation of scoop curvature, called scoop curvature. The value of the degree of scoop curvature is called scoop curvature.
24 surface cracks: refers to the cracks in the surface layer of metal objects.
25 lug: due to improper roll fit and other reasons, the emergence of the protrusion along the rolling direction, called the lug.
26. bracket injury: refers to the surface of the material in a straight or curved groove marks can usually see the bottom of the groove.
27 scars: refers to the uneven distribution on the surface of metal materials in the form of tongue, nail-shaped or fish scale-like flakes.
28 bonding: metal plate, foil, strip in the iterative rolling annealing generated between the layer and the layer of points, lines and surfaces of mutual adhesion. After lifting the surface to leave a bonding trace, called bonding.
29. Iron oxide: iron oxide is the material in the heating, rolling and cooling process, the metal oxide generated on the surface.
30. Folding: is a metal in the hot rolling process (or forging) the formation of a surface defect, the surface folded into each other bimetallic layer, in a straight line or curve-like overlap.
31 pockmark: refers to the surface of the metal material uneven rough surface.
32. Subcutaneous bubbles: the surface of metal materials show irregular distribution of different sizes, shapes, rounded around the small bumps, rupture of the bubble in the form of chicken claw-shaped fissures or tongue-like scars, called bubbles. Surface defects are mainly due to improper production, transportation, handling, storage and other operations. Depending on the impact on the use of different, some defects are simply not allowed to exceed the limit. Some defects do not exist, but are not allowed to exceed the limit; various surface defects are allowed to exist, or allow the existence of the degree of standards in the off are clearly specified.
(F) the internal quality inspection of the guarantee conditions of the internal quality of metal materials is based on the material to adapt to different requirements, guarantee conditions are different, in the factory and acceptance must be tested according to the guarantee conditions, and meet the requirements, guarantee conditions are.
33 The basic guarantee conditions: the minimum requirements for the quality of materials, whether or not proposed, have to ensure, such as chemical composition, basic mechanical properties.
34 additional guarantee conditions: according to the requirements of the demand side in the order contract, before the inspection, and to ensure that the test results meet the provisions of the project.
35. Agreement guarantee conditions: the supply and demand sides negotiate and guarantee the items in the order contract.
36. Conditions of participation: the two sides to negotiate the inspection project, but only for reference conditions, not for assessment.
The above is the answer to the question of what metal material testing projects, in the selection of metal materials, you can first obtain these metal materials corresponding to the test results to determine whether it is appropriate.
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