What’s the type of pipe thread?
The type of pipe end chosen will determine how it is connected to other components and which applications and components are best suited for the pipe.
Pipe ends usually fall into one of four categories:
Plain End (PE)
Threaded End (TE)
Grooved or Grooved End Mechanical Joints
A single pipe can also have multiple end types. These are often designated in the pipe description or label.
For example, the SMLS Schedule 80s A/SA312-TP316L 3/4-inch TOE pipe is threaded at one end (TOE) and plain at the other.
In contrast, the TBE SMLS Schedule 80s A/SA312-TP316L 3/4-inch pipe has threads at both ends (TBE).
Plain END (PE) PIPE USE AND CONSIDERATION
The feature end of PE pipe is usually cut at a 90 degree angle to the pipe for an even, even finish.
In most cases, plain end pipe is used in combination with slip-on flanges and socket and flange weld fittings.
Both styles require fillet welding on one or both sides of the fitting or flange and at the base of the fitting or flange.
If possible, the plain ends will be located normally ” from where the pipe is laid to allow thermal expansion during welding.
This makes it ideal for small diameter piping systems.
USE AND CONSIDERATION OF THREADED END PIPE (TE)
Typically used for pipes with nominal sizes of three inches or smaller, TE pipes allow for an excellent seal.
Most pipes use the National Pipe Thread (NPT) standard which describes the tapered thread used in pipes with
most common taper measuring 3/4-inch per foot.
This taper allows the threads to pull tight and create a more effective seal.
However, connecting the threads on a TE pipe properly is essential to avoid damaging pipes, fittings, or flanges.
Improper assembly or disassembly may lead to galling or seizing.
BEVELLED END (BW) PIPE USES AND CONSIDERATIONS
Used with buttwelding, BW pipe fittings commonly feature a 37.5-degree bevel.
These bevels are often applied by fabricators by hand or through automated processes to ensure consistency.
This allows for a perfect match with BW pipe fittings and flanges and easier welding.
GROOVED END PIPE USES AND CONSIDERATIONS
Grooved mechanical joints or grooved end pipes use a formed or machined groove at the end of the pipe to seat a gasket.
A housing around the gasket is then tightened to secure the connection and ensure optimal seal and performance.
The design allows for easier disassembly with a reduced risk of damaging piping components.
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